WHAT IS CAUSE AND EFFECT PARAGRAPH?
Cause and effect paragraph either shows what cause something to happen (causes) or what are the results caused by something (effects).- Cause
- – something which brings some effects.
- Effect
- – Something which is brought about by a cause.
Hence, the basic principles of cause and effect paragraphs are:
| CAUSE → | produces brings about leads to makes |
→ EFFECTS |
| EFFECT ← | is produced by is brought about is driven by is made by |
← CAUSES |
ORGANIZING OF CAUSE AND EFFECT PARAGRAPH
Basing on the principles above, a writer may organize the cause and effect in two different approach: cause-to-effect or effect-to-cause approach.Cause-to-effect approach
In this approach, a cause brings about an effect; hence, the topic sentence indicates that a cause leads to some effects. The supporting sentences discuss the effects in more details. Here is the basic layout:| Title | ||
| Topic sentence = | Topic + (Cause) |
Controlling idea ([brings about few] Effects) |
| Supporting sentences = | Supporting ideas + (Effect 1 + (Effect 2 + (Effect 3+ |
Supporting details Explanation on effect 1 ) Explanation on effect 2 ) Explanation on effect 3) |
| Concluding sentence = | 1. restate, 3. predict, or |
2. summarize, 4. suggest |
Look at the example below:
Effect-to-cause approach
In this approach, an effect is brought about by an cause; hence, the topic sentence indicates that an effect is produced by some causes. The supporting sentences discuss the effects in more details. Here is the basic layout:| Title | ||
| Topic sentence = | Topic + (Effect) |
Controlling idea ([is brought about by few] Causes) |
| Supporting sentences = | Supporting ideas + (Cause 1 + (Cause 2 + (Cause 3+ |
Supporting details Explanation on cause 1 ) Explanation on cause 2 ) Explanation on cause 3) |
| Concluding sentence = | 1. restate, 3. predict, or |
2. summarize, 4. suggest |
Look at the example below:
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